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Global • 2026-11-01, 09:02 GMT • ~1 min read

New alloys stay tough at -424°F, defying the deep freeze

نئے مرکب دھاتیں منفی 424 ڈگری فارن ہائیٹ پر بھی مضبوط رہیں، شدید سردی کو شکست

नई मिश्र धातुएँ -424°F पर भी मज़बूत रहीं, भीषण ठंड को मात दी

New alloys stay tough at -424°F, defying the deep freeze

Key points

اہم نکات

मुख्य बातें

  • Scientists have found two experimental niobium-titanium alloys that resist cracking at 20 kelvin, about -424 degrees Fahrenheit, according to research published in Nature.
  • Many metals become brittle in extreme cold, but these alloys stayed remarkably damage-tolerant.
  • The team, from the University of California, Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of Oxford, found the alloys deform through nanoscale twinning, in which crystal sections rearrange into mirror-image patterns.
  • سائنسدانوں نے دو تجرباتی نیوبیم-ٹائٹینیم مرکب دھاتیں دریافت کی ہیں جو 20 کیلون، یعنی تقریباً منفی 424 ڈگری فارن ہائیٹ پر بھی ٹوٹنے سے محفوظ رہیں، یہ تحقیق نیچر میں شائع ہوئی ہے۔ شدید سردی میں بہت سی دھاتیں ٹوٹنے لگتی ہیں، لیکن یہ مرکب دھاتیں نمایاں طور پر نقصان برداشت کرتی رہیں۔ یونیورسٹی آف کیلیفورنیا برکلے، لارنس برکلے نیشنل لیبارٹری اور یونیورسٹی آف آکسفورڈ کی ٹیم نے پایا کہ یہ دھاتیں نینو اسکیل ٹوئننگ کے ذریعے شکل بدلتی ہیں، جس میں کرسٹل کے حصے آئینے جیسی ترتیب میں بدل جاتے ہیں۔ یہ دریافت شدید سردی کا سامنا کرنے والے توانائی، فضائی اور نقل و حمل کے نظاموں کے لیے مضبوط دھاتوں کا راستہ دکھا سکتی ہے۔
  • वैज्ञानिकों ने दो प्रायोगिक नियोबियम-टाइटेनियम मिश्र धातुएँ खोजी हैं जो 20 केल्विन, यानी लगभग -424 डिग्री फ़ारेनहाइट पर भी टूटने से बची रहीं, यह शोध नेचर में प्रकाशित हुआ है। भीषण ठंड में कई धातुएँ भंगुर हो जाती हैं, लेकिन ये मिश्र धातुएँ उल्लेखनीय रूप से क्षति सहन करती रहीं। कैलिफ़ोर्निया विश्वविद्यालय बर्कले, लॉरेंस बर्कले राष्ट्रीय प्रयोगशाला और ऑक्सफ़ोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय की टीम ने पाया कि ये धातुएँ नैनोस्केल ट्विनिंग के ज़रिए आकार बदलती हैं, जिसमें क्रिस्टल के हिस्से दर्पण-जैसी व्यवस्था में बदल जाते हैं। यह खोज भीषण ठंड का सामना करने वाली ऊर्जा, एयरोस्पेस और परिवहन प्रणालियों के लिए मज़बूत धातुओं का रास्ता दिखा सकती है।

Scientists have found two experimental niobium-titanium alloys that resist cracking at 20 kelvin, about -424 degrees Fahrenheit, according to research published in Nature. Many metals become brittle in extreme cold, but these alloys stayed remarkably damage-tolerant. The team, from the University of California, Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of Oxford, found the alloys deform through nanoscale twinning, in which crystal sections rearrange into mirror-image patterns. The discovery could point to tougher metals for energy, aerospace and transport systems that face extreme cold.

سائنسدانوں نے دو تجرباتی نیوبیم-ٹائٹینیم مرکب دھاتیں دریافت کی ہیں جو 20 کیلون، یعنی تقریباً منفی 424 ڈگری فارن ہائیٹ پر بھی ٹوٹنے سے محفوظ رہیں، یہ تحقیق نیچر میں شائع ہوئی ہے۔ شدید سردی میں بہت سی دھاتیں ٹوٹنے لگتی ہیں، لیکن یہ مرکب دھاتیں نمایاں طور پر نقصان برداشت کرتی رہیں۔ یونیورسٹی آف کیلیفورنیا برکلے، لارنس برکلے نیشنل لیبارٹری اور یونیورسٹی آف آکسفورڈ کی ٹیم نے پایا کہ یہ دھاتیں نینو اسکیل ٹوئننگ کے ذریعے شکل بدلتی ہیں، جس میں کرسٹل کے حصے آئینے جیسی ترتیب میں بدل جاتے ہیں۔ یہ دریافت شدید سردی کا سامنا کرنے والے توانائی، فضائی اور نقل و حمل کے نظاموں کے لیے مضبوط دھاتوں کا راستہ دکھا سکتی ہے۔

वैज्ञानिकों ने दो प्रायोगिक नियोबियम-टाइटेनियम मिश्र धातुएँ खोजी हैं जो 20 केल्विन, यानी लगभग -424 डिग्री फ़ारेनहाइट पर भी टूटने से बची रहीं, यह शोध नेचर में प्रकाशित हुआ है। भीषण ठंड में कई धातुएँ भंगुर हो जाती हैं, लेकिन ये मिश्र धातुएँ उल्लेखनीय रूप से क्षति सहन करती रहीं। कैलिफ़ोर्निया विश्वविद्यालय बर्कले, लॉरेंस बर्कले राष्ट्रीय प्रयोगशाला और ऑक्सफ़ोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय की टीम ने पाया कि ये धातुएँ नैनोस्केल ट्विनिंग के ज़रिए आकार बदलती हैं, जिसमें क्रिस्टल के हिस्से दर्पण-जैसी व्यवस्था में बदल जाते हैं। यह खोज भीषण ठंड का सामना करने वाली ऊर्जा, एयरोस्पेस और परिवहन प्रणालियों के लिए मज़बूत धातुओं का रास्ता दिखा सकती है।

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