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pitch to voters on Election DayDisney expected to lay off thousands in its biggest round of cuts this yearDisney expected to lay off thousands in its biggest round of cuts this yearDisney expected to lay off thousands in its biggest round of cuts this yearAckman warns speculative trading is turning the stock market into a casinoAckman warns speculative trading is turning the stock market into a casinoAckman warns speculative trading is turning the stock market into a casinoRedMagic takes its RGB liquid-cooled gaming phone global as the 12 ProRedMagic takes its RGB liquid-cooled gaming phone global as the 12 ProRedMagic takes its RGB liquid-cooled gaming phone global as the 12 ProMalachi Jordan commits to St. John's, its first five-star recruit in 13 yearsMalachi Jordan commits to St. John's, its first five-star recruit in 13 yearsMalachi Jordan commits to St. John's, its first five-star recruit in 13 yearsSigns point to a big BioWare N7 Day celebration planned before the studio 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a potentially massive dwarf planet candidate beyond PlutoEating blueberries every day may ease depressive symptoms in older adultsEating blueberries every day may ease depressive symptoms in older adultsEating blueberries every day may ease depressive symptoms in older adultsIran warns of a 'new battlefield' after reported US strike on QeshmIran warns of a 'new battlefield' after reported US strike on QeshmIran warns of a 'new battlefield' after reported US strike on Qeshm
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Global • 2026-10-31, 16:24 GMT • ~1 min read

How brain tumours use sugar to dodge the immune system

دماغی رسولیاں مدافعتی نظام سے بچنے کے لیے چینی کیسے استعمال کرتی ہیں

दिमाग के ट्यूमर प्रतिरक्षा प्रणाली से बचने के लिए शुगर का इस्तेमाल कैसे करते हैं

How brain tumours use sugar to dodge the immune system

Key points

اہم نکات

मुख्य बातें

  • Scientists have found a new clue to why aggressive brain tumours resist treatment: the tumours appear to weaken nearby immune cells by changing how they use fructose, a type of sugar.
  • Researchers at Northwestern University, writing in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, studied microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, which carry a fructose transporter called GLUT5.
  • They found high levels of this transporter in glioblastoma, a fast-growing brain cancer.
  • سائنسدانوں کو ایک نئی وجہ ملی ہے کہ جارحانہ دماغی رسولیاں علاج کے خلاف مزاحمت کیوں کرتی ہیں: لگتا ہے کہ یہ رسولیاں قریبی مدافعتی خلیوں کو کمزور کر دیتی ہیں، ان کے فروکٹوز یعنی ایک قسم کی چینی کے استعمال کا طریقہ بدل کر۔ نارتھ ویسٹرن یونیورسٹی کے محققین نے دماغ کے مدافعتی خلیوں مائیکروگلیا کا مطالعہ کیا، جن میں گلوٹ فائیو نامی فروکٹوز منتقل کرنے والا پروٹین ہوتا ہے۔ انہوں نے تیزی سے بڑھنے والے دماغی کینسر گلیوبلاسٹوما میں اس پروٹین کی زیادہ مقدار پائی۔ چوہوں پر تجربات میں اس پروٹین کو ہٹانے سے مدافعتی ردعمل زیادہ فعال ہوا اور بقا بہتر ہوئی، لیکن صرف ان چوہوں میں جن میں پختہ ٹی اور بی خلیے تھے۔ یہ ابتدائی لیبارٹری تحقیق ہے، ابھی علاج نہیں، اور اس سے یہ ثابت نہیں ہوتا کہ کھانے سے چینی کم کرنا دماغی کینسر کا علاج ہے۔
  • वैज्ञानिकों को एक नया सुराग मिला है कि आक्रामक दिमाग के ट्यूमर इलाज का विरोध क्यों करते हैं: ऐसा लगता है कि ये ट्यूमर आस-पास की प्रतिरक्षा कोशिकाओं को कमजोर कर देते हैं, उनके फ्रुक्टोज़ यानी एक तरह की शुगर के इस्तेमाल का तरीका बदलकर। नॉर्थवेस्टर्न विश्वविद्यालय के शोधकर्ताओं ने दिमाग की प्रतिरक्षा कोशिकाओं माइक्रोग्लिया का अध्ययन किया, जिनमें GLUT5 नाम का फ्रुक्टोज़ पहुंचाने वाला प्रोटीन होता है। उन्होंने तेज़ी से बढ़ने वाले दिमाग के कैंसर ग्लियोब्लास्टोमा में इस प्रोटीन की अधिक मात्रा पाई। चूहों पर प्रयोगों में इस प्रोटीन को हटाने से प्रतिरक्षा प्रतिक्रिया अधिक सक्रिय हुई और जीवित रहने की दर बेहतर हुई, लेकिन केवल उन चूहों में जिनमें परिपक्व टी और बी कोशिकाएं थीं। यह शुरुआती प्रयोगशाला शोध है, अभी इलाज नहीं, और इससे यह साबित नहीं होता कि खाने से शुगर कम करना दिमाग के कैंसर का इलाज है।

Scientists have found a new clue to why aggressive brain tumours resist treatment: the tumours appear to weaken nearby immune cells by changing how they use fructose, a type of sugar. Researchers at Northwestern University, writing in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, studied microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, which carry a fructose transporter called GLUT5. They found high levels of this transporter in glioblastoma, a fast-growing brain cancer. When they removed GLUT5 in mouse models, the immune response became more active and survival improved, but only in mice with mature T and B cells. The work is early laboratory research, not a treatment yet, and it does not show that cutting sugar from food treats brain cancer.

سائنسدانوں کو ایک نئی وجہ ملی ہے کہ جارحانہ دماغی رسولیاں علاج کے خلاف مزاحمت کیوں کرتی ہیں: لگتا ہے کہ یہ رسولیاں قریبی مدافعتی خلیوں کو کمزور کر دیتی ہیں، ان کے فروکٹوز یعنی ایک قسم کی چینی کے استعمال کا طریقہ بدل کر۔ نارتھ ویسٹرن یونیورسٹی کے محققین نے دماغ کے مدافعتی خلیوں مائیکروگلیا کا مطالعہ کیا، جن میں گلوٹ فائیو نامی فروکٹوز منتقل کرنے والا پروٹین ہوتا ہے۔ انہوں نے تیزی سے بڑھنے والے دماغی کینسر گلیوبلاسٹوما میں اس پروٹین کی زیادہ مقدار پائی۔ چوہوں پر تجربات میں اس پروٹین کو ہٹانے سے مدافعتی ردعمل زیادہ فعال ہوا اور بقا بہتر ہوئی، لیکن صرف ان چوہوں میں جن میں پختہ ٹی اور بی خلیے تھے۔ یہ ابتدائی لیبارٹری تحقیق ہے، ابھی علاج نہیں، اور اس سے یہ ثابت نہیں ہوتا کہ کھانے سے چینی کم کرنا دماغی کینسر کا علاج ہے۔

वैज्ञानिकों को एक नया सुराग मिला है कि आक्रामक दिमाग के ट्यूमर इलाज का विरोध क्यों करते हैं: ऐसा लगता है कि ये ट्यूमर आस-पास की प्रतिरक्षा कोशिकाओं को कमजोर कर देते हैं, उनके फ्रुक्टोज़ यानी एक तरह की शुगर के इस्तेमाल का तरीका बदलकर। नॉर्थवेस्टर्न विश्वविद्यालय के शोधकर्ताओं ने दिमाग की प्रतिरक्षा कोशिकाओं माइक्रोग्लिया का अध्ययन किया, जिनमें GLUT5 नाम का फ्रुक्टोज़ पहुंचाने वाला प्रोटीन होता है। उन्होंने तेज़ी से बढ़ने वाले दिमाग के कैंसर ग्लियोब्लास्टोमा में इस प्रोटीन की अधिक मात्रा पाई। चूहों पर प्रयोगों में इस प्रोटीन को हटाने से प्रतिरक्षा प्रतिक्रिया अधिक सक्रिय हुई और जीवित रहने की दर बेहतर हुई, लेकिन केवल उन चूहों में जिनमें परिपक्व टी और बी कोशिकाएं थीं। यह शुरुआती प्रयोगशाला शोध है, अभी इलाज नहीं, और इससे यह साबित नहीं होता कि खाने से शुगर कम करना दिमाग के कैंसर का इलाज है।

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